Cahiers Ferdinand de Saussure, volume 63 (2010), édité par Daniele GAMBARARA. Genève, Librairie Droz, 2011, 288 pages, ISSN : 0068-516X, ISBN-13 : 978-2-600-01525-7, € 60,00
Date de première publication : 2011
Voir la notice de l’Éditeur.
Ce numéro est disponible sur JSTOR.org : jstor.org/stable/10.2307/i40069705
I – POUR UNE ÉDITION NUMÉRIQUE DES TEXTES DE F. DE SAUSSURE
Daniele Gambarara
PRÉSENTATION (pp. 5-9)
Estanislao Sofía (Université de Liège; estanislao.sofia@gmail.com)
QU’EST-CE QU’UN BROUILLON EN SCIENCES DU LANGAGE? NOTES PRÉALABLES A UNE ÉDITION NUMÉRIQUE DES MANUSCRITS DE F. DE SAUSSURE (pp. 11-27)
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to undertake some key elements provided by the Genetic Criticism (fr. “Critique génétique”) about the treatment of modern manuscripts, and more specifically the object it defines as “rough draft” (fr. “brouillon”). After a brief introduction, we will discuss the difference between “modern” and “ancient” (or “medieval”) manuscripts (§ 3), the concept of “rough draft” as “semiotic object” (§ 4), the relevance of a genetic approach on Saussure’s unpublished notes (§ 5) and, finally, the different editing possibilities of the aforementioned manuscripts (§ 6).
Keywords: digital edition; (rough) draft; manuscript; Genetic Criticism.
Benedetta Zavatta (Università di Urbino Carlo Bo; benedetta.zavatta@uniurb.it )
CRITICAL EDITIONS AND HYPERTEXTS ON THE WEB: THE HYPERNIETZSCHE AND NIETZSCHE SOURCE PROJECTS (pp. 29-52)
Abstract: The HyperNietzsche and Nietzsche Source projects open the way to a new idea of a critical edition and offer a valuable example of how the web can make available powerful tools for genetic criticism. Over the last 10 year Paolo D’Iorio and his équipe have published online the whole of Friedrich Nietzsche’s Nachlass, along with what is at present the most up-to-date and reliable edition of his works and letters. As part of these projects, some examples of genetic paths have been created, which allow us to follow the author’s thinking step by step at every phase of a work’s development. Last but not least, there has been an experiment in the collaborative production of networks of knowledge relating to Nietzsche’s thought and work, thanks to the new technologies that have been made available by the semantic web.
Keywords: Friedrich Nietzsche, Hypertext, Digital Edition, Genetic Criticism, Semantic Web.
Giuseppe D’Ottavi (Università di Roma «La Sapienza»; giuseppe.dottavi@gmail.com)
LE SAVOIR INDIANISTE DE FERDINAND DE SAUSSURE. LES MANUSCRITS DE HARVARD HOUGHTON LIBRARY BMS FR 266 (6) (pp. 53-79)
Abstract: Among the saussurean manuscripts held at the Houghton Library of the University of Harvard (Cambridge, Massachusetts), the papers gathered in the folder 6 provide the actual major evidence of the body of knowledge of Ferdinand de Saussure about Indian history, literature and scholarship. As they show that his practise of Sanskrit was not restricted to the domain of Indo-European reconstruction, these papers unveil unforeseen traits of Saussure’s intellectual profile. Three main thematic unities can be there recognized: drafts of correspondence about Indian mythology linked to the works of the French poet Leconte de Lisle, passages of a text intended for some public conferences about ancient India and the working notes about Paul Oltramare’s Histoire des idées théosophiques dans l’Inde (1906) that will lead to a review published in the Journal de Genève. A presentation of this material (resting upon the only published excerpts), its relationship with other saussurean documents and its reliance on contemporary Indology are the subject of the following essay.
Keywords: Indology, Sanskrit, Leconte de Lisle, Paul Oltramare.
Luca Pesini (Università degli Studi di Firenze; luca_pesini@yahoo.it)
FRAGMENTS INÉDITS DE LA COLLABORATION SAUSSURE-BALLY (BGE MS. FR. 5134) (pp. 81-94)
Abstract: In this article we analyse previously unpublished notes by Ferdinand de Saussure and Charles Bally contained in the Ms. fr. 5134 of the BGE. Many pieces of correspondence are undated autograph notes concerning problems of comparative linguistics and etymology: in the answer to Bally published in this paper, Saussure criticises the traditional etymological method explaining the majority of the words as old indo-european compounds.
Keywords: Saussure, Bally, etymology, sanskrit
Pierre-Yves Testenoire (ERIAC/Université de Rouen; pytestenoire@yahoo.fr)
DEUX PIÈGES DE LA RÉCEPTION DES ANAGRAMMES CHRONOLOGIE ET ÉDITIONS DES CAHIERS (pp. 95-112)
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyse the philological treatment of Ferdinand de Saussure’s writings relating to anagrams since their discovery fifty years ago. We propose a retrospective view on two different aspects of the reception of these texts: their dating and their edition. We re-examine the question of the chronological coincidence between the research on the anagrams, the work on Germanic legends and the course in general linguistics. We also endeavor to lay open the characteristics and the tacit knowledge of the existing editions of Saussure’s anagram notebooks. Our aim is to show in which way the dating and editing of the texts on anagrams affects and directs their reception.
Keywords: Ferdinand de Saussure, anagrams, Germanic legends, reception, philology.
II – ARTICLES
Anamaria Curea (Université Babeș-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca; anamariacurea@yahoo.fr)
Y A-T-IL UNE LINGUISTIQUE DE L’EXPRESSION CHEZ CHARLES BALLY ET CHARLES-ALBERT SECHEHAYE? (pp. 115-133)
Abstract: The aim of the present article is to shed some light on the meaning of the label a linguistics of the expression, attributed to the publishers of “Course in General Linguistics”, i.e. Charles Bally et Charles-Albert Sechehaye. Are we dealing with concurring perspectives resulting in a unique theoretical model? Is it possible to identify certain axes within the expression issue which would legitimize their belonging to the same line of thought? Can we identify in their work a “minimum” which is not immediately of the saussurean kind? A relative theoretical consistency regarding the expression category allows us to acknowledge the existence of a common effort to create a program designed to remind that the language and the subject are inseparable.
Keywords: linguistics of the expression, Charles Bally, Charles-Albert Sechehaye, Geneva School of Linguistics.
Rossana De Angelis (Università della Calabria/Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3; rossana.deangelis@gmail.com)
L’ÉCOLE SÉMIOLOGIQUE DE GENÈVE VUE À TRAVERS DES OUTILS LINGUISTIQUES CONTEMPORAINS (pp. 135-143)
Abstract: While a specific semiotic terminology increases by the publication of vocabularies, dictionaries and encyclopaedias, we can distinguish a semiological trend among different fields of research. So we can read of a saussurean « Geneva school of Semiotics ». Analyzing the definitions of certain terms of these linguistic objects, we can define how its identity was coming out. We can also observe its relationships with linguistics and understand the place of its protagonists, i.e. Luis J. Prieto and E. Buyssens, among different semiotic schools.
Keywords: Semiology, Geneva School of Semiotics (Ecole sémiologique de Genève), Luis J. Prieto, Eric Buyssens.
John E. Joseph (University of Edinburgh; john.joseph@ed.ac.uk)
«LA TEINTE DE TOUS LES CIELS» DIVERGENCE ET NUANCE DANS LA CONCEPTION SAUSSURIENNE DU CHANGEMENT LINGUISTIQUE (pp. 145-158)
Abstract: Saussure’s Mémoire describes the split of the primordial vowel into a1 (= e) and a2 (= o) as taking on a « hue » which initially did not affect word meaning. In notes dated Dec. 1884, he applies the term divergence to this type of development which does not yet constitute a linguistic change, because, not being meaningful, it is not part of the language system. He will give a comparable example, though at the semantic level, in his lecture of 10 Dec. 1908, when he traces the development of Greek katabainō oreos « I come down from the mountain ». The element kata « descending » was at first only « something which nuances », but which subsequently became meaningful. This analysis may have been prompted by Louis Havet’s review of the Mélanges Saussure (1908), in which Havet claimed an almost absolute break between phonology and grammar, and between synchrony and diachrony, that Saussure did not accept.
Keywords: diachronie, divergence, nuance, phonologie, grammaire, conscience linguistique, fait social, variation.
Valéry Kouznetsov (Université linguistique de Moscou; vgk. avamo@mail.ru)
LA LINGUISTIQUE SAUSSURIENNE ET GENEVOISE EN RUSSIE (pp. 159-173)
Abstract: The author reviews the studies made in Russia during the last two decades of the concepts of F. de Saussure and his Genevese successors – Ch. Bally, A. Sechehaye, S. Karcevsky, H. Frei, R. Godel, R. Engler, R. Amacker et al. Special attention is given to the impact of their scientific thought on the development of many branches of modern linguistics. It is stressed out that the rich heritage of the Geneva school of linguistics remains actual and may stimulate new fruitful researches.
Keywords: Geneva school of linguistics, language sign, system, actualization, discourse, functionalism.
Claudine Normand (Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense)
SAUSSURE-BENVENISTE: LES AVENTURES D’UN HÉRITAGE (pp. 175-184)
Abstract: Benveniste is often seen as one of Saussure’s followers, but his work in the making of a linguistic school and in linguistics, goes way beyond. On the one hand, Benveniste asserted the position of Saussure, especially of Saussure’s work in indo-european linguistics, as the founding father of French structuralism of the 60’s, even if the theoretical positions of Saussure are at times quite different from those found in structuralist orthodoxy. On the other hand, Benveniste linguistic theory interprets, transforms, completes Saussurean radical concepts into a more functional and less abstract frame of description. Perhaps linguistic today needs both Saussure’s and Benveniste’s approaches.
Keywords: E. Benveniste, Function, History of Linguistics, Linguistic System, Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, Structuralism.
David Piotrowski (CREA CNRS; david.piotrowski@polytechnique.edu)
MORPHODYNAMIQUE DU SIGNE. I – L’ARCHITECTURE FONCTIONNELLE (pp. 185-203)
Abstract: In this article we present a morphodynamical approach of Saussure’s sign theory. First, we discuss the main relational notions of the structural framework, such as difference, opposition, limitation, neighborhood and the controversial junction between the contentual and expressive sides of the sign, in order to clarify establish their topological and dynamical nature. Secondly, we introduce a sketchy functional architecture of the saussurian sign, which will naturally be determined in terms of a morphodynamical structure.
Keywords: Difference, Limitation, Morphodynamic, Opposition, Sign.
Raffaele Simone and Edoardo Lombardi Vallauri (Roma Tre University; simone@uniroma3.it; lombardi@uniroma3.it )
NATURAL CONSTRAINTS ON LANGUAGE. NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES (pp. 205-224)
Abstract: The article deals, from the point of view of linguistics, with the issue of why human language is made as it is. It gives methodological and epistemological reasons in favor of the hypothesis that language is a transactional device mainly conditioned by pragmatic needs, discarding the hypothesis that language is a computational system mainly conditioned by abstract rules, along with the associated view of the language faculty as an innate, specific (i.e. grammatical) device of the brain. The authors claim that language is the result of the interaction of a highly complex set of ‘natural’ constraints whose very origins are (i) in the structure of the world, (ii) the human body, (iii) in communication situations, (iv) in the need for representation of reality and events, (v) in the ergonomics of any system devoted to the functions of meaning and referring, (vi) in the structure and potentialities of the brain itself, conceived (crucially) as a set of general-purpose abilities. Constraints (i-iii) are analyzed in some detail, while (iv-vi) will be the topic of a subsequent article.
Keywords: Brain, Language, Language Design Features, Linguistic Materialism, Pragmatic Foundations of Language.
III – DOCUMENTS
Daniele Gambarara (Università della Calabria; daniele.gambarara@gmail.com)
LES PAPIERS RUDOLF ENGLER À LA BGE (p. 227)
François Vincent (Université Paris-Est Créteil; fvincent66@gmail.com)
LE PREMIER COURS DE LINGUISTIQUE GÉNÉRALE. LES NOTES DES ÉTUDIANTS DANS L’ÉDITION ET LE FONDS ENGLER (pp. 229-337)
IV – COMPTES RENDUS, NOUVELLES DE COLLOQUES
« Vocabulaire des études sémiotiques et sémiologiques, sous la direction de Driss Ablali et Dominique Ducard, Collection Lexica. Mots et Dictionnaires, dirigée par Bernard Quemada et Jean Pruvost, Paris, Honoré Champion, 2009. », par Rossana De Angelis (pp. 241-244)
« V. G. Kuzneçov, Naučnoe nasledie Ženevskoj lingvističeskoj školy. [L’héritage scientifique de l’École linguistique de Genève] – Moskva, Znak, 2010, 366 p. », par Ekaterina Velmezova (pp. 245-250)
« Claudia Mejia Quijano, Le Cours d’une vie. Portrait diachronique de Ferdinand de Saussure, tome 1, collection « psyché », éditions Cécile Defaut, Nantes, 2008. », par Gabriel Bergounioux (pp. 251-255)
Michel Arrivé, PETITE PERPLEXITÉ SUR LE TEMPS SAUSSURIEN (pp. 257-259)
Isabel Vilela, SAUSSURE ET LA PSYCHANALYSE (Colloque Cerisy, 2-12 août 2010) (pp. 261-267)
Davide Bruzzese, HOMMAGE À M. JEAN STAROBINSKI À L’OCCASION DE SON 90eANNIVERSAIRE (pp. 269-273)
